Evaluation of the Anti-Diabetic and Biochemical Effects of Ocimum sanctum Extract in Alloxan Induced Rat Model

Herbal medicine has been employed by individuals to treat medical ailments since the dawn of civilization. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Ocimum sanctum as an antidiabetic agent and its impact on lipid profiles. We employed the alloxan-induced diabetes model to assess the efficacy of the antidiabetic drug. Only the 900 mg/kg dosage exhibited statistically significant (p < 0.05) antidiabetic effect as compared to the 300 and 600 mg/kg dosages. Although there was a little reduction in HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol, the results for all groups were not statistically significant. Statistically substantial reductions (p < 0.05) were seen for SGPT in groups 5 and 6 at dosages of 600 and 900 mg/kg for triglycerides, SGPT, and SGOT. The renal function test revealed a statistically significant urea level of 92.08±6.52* in group 6 at a dose of 900 mg/kg. Concerning creatinine levels, groups 5 and 6 had statistically substantial outcomes at the 600 and 900 mg/kg dosages, with values of 2.23±0.70* and 1.83±0.58*, respectively. The ethanolic extract of this plant exhibits notable antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic properties, and additional investigation may contribute to the development of alternative medicinal applications.